Jon ZamboniUpdated April 17, 2017
- Peer Instruction A User's Manual Download
- Peer Instruction A User's Manual Series In Educational Innovation
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Peer Instruction: A User s Manual by Eric Mazur (Pearson Prentice Hall, 1997). You may use this file for educational purposes only. You have permission to photocopy, or have photocopied, the material in this file. No portion of the file, whether in original. Kids as Reading Helpers: A Peer Tutor Training Manual is a complete package for training peer reading tutors. Peer tutoring answers the nagging problem of delivering effective reading support to the many struggling young readers in our schools. Peer Instruction engages students during class through ac-tivities that require each student to apply the core concepts being presented, and then to explain those concepts to their fellow students. Unlike the common practice of asking infor-mal questions during a lecture, which typically engages only.
If you are conducting research on a product or service, you may reference a user manual or instructional guide in your paper. Whenever you reference a source in your work, cite it properly so your reader knows where you found your information. In American Psychological Association, APA, style, user manuals are cited as part of a product's information.
Reference List
When you cite any information that is packaged with a product, the company is listed as the author, along with the year the product was made and the location of the company. APA formats this information like this:
Fiio e10k olympus 2 user manual 1 3. Company name. (Year). Product name: Type of product info. Publisher location: Publisher.
Because the publisher is the company, the company's location will be listed as the publisher's location, and the publisher will simply be listed as 'Author'. For example:
Staples. (2014). Screen cleaning set: Instruction manual. Framingham, MA: Author.
User Manuals With Authors or Outside Publishers
When a product's user manual lists an author, list the author of the manual in place of the company name in your reference list citation:
Gates, B. (1995). Windows '95: User Guide. Redmond, WA: Microsoft.
If a user manual is published by an outside publisher, that publisher information is listed in place of the company information under 'publisher':
General Mills. (2002). Cheerios chess: Instructions. Seattle, WA: Wizards Games.
Citing a User Manual Found Online
If you are citing a user manual that you found online, include a link to the site from which it was retrieved:
Company name. (Year). Product title: Type of product information. Retrieved from URL.
For example:
Blizzard Entertainment. (1998). Starcraft: User manual. Retrieved from http://ftp.blizzard.com/pub/misc/StarCraft.PDF.
View and Download Blackberry Curve 9300 user manual online. Blackberry Curve 9300: User Guide. Curve 9300 Cell Phone pdf manual download. Also for: Bold 9650, Curve 9330. Blackberry manual pdf.
In-Text Citations
When you reference or quote a user manual in the text of your paper, include an in-text citation to show where the information comes from. The in-text citation will include the author name of a source -- in this case, the company name -- the year of publication and the page number, if applicable. For example:
The product kit includes a screen cleaning solution, microfiber cloths, and a 'stain light' to check for scratches (Staples, 2014).
Windows users were instructed to troubleshoot and only reboot their computer as a last resort (Gates, 1995, p. 12).
If the author name or date of publication is included in the leading sentence of a reference, you do not need to include that information in your in-text citation. For example:
Blizzard describes Starcraft as being open to multiplayer formats such as 'Melee, Free for All, Greed, Slaughter, and Capture the Flag' (1998, p. 11).
Cite this Article Choose Citation Style
Zamboni, Jon. 'How to Cite a User Manual in a Paper.' , https://penandthepad.com/cite-user-manual-paper-8653776.html. Accessed 10 December 2019.
Zamboni, Jon. (n.d.). How to Cite a User Manual in a Paper. . Retrieved from https://penandthepad.com/cite-user-manual-paper-8653776.html
Zamboni, Jon. 'How to Cite a User Manual in a Paper' accessed December 10, 2019. https://penandthepad.com/cite-user-manual-paper-8653776.html
Note: Depending on which text editor you're pasting into, you might have to add the italics to the site name.
References
Pen & the Pad
Peer instruction is an evidence-based, interactive teaching method popularized by Harvard Professor Eric Mazur in the early 1990s.[1] Originally used in many schools, including introductory undergraduate physics classes at Harvard University, peer instruction is used in various disciplines and institutions around the globe. It is a student-centered approach that involves flipping the traditional classroom by moving information transfer out and moving information assimilation, or application of learning, into the classroom. There is some research that supports the effectiveness of peer instruction over more traditional teaching methods, such as pure lecture.[2]
Peer instruction as a learning system involves students preparing to learn outside of class by doing pre-class readings and answering questions about those readings using another method, called Just in Time Teaching.[3] Then, in class, the instructor engages students by posing prepared conceptual questions or ConcepTests that are based on student difficulties. The questioning procedure outlined by Eric Mazur is as follows:
- Instructor poses question based on students' responses to their pre-class reading
- Students reflect on the question
- Students commit to an individual answer
- Instructor reviews student responses
- Students discuss their thinking and answers with their peers
- Students then commit again to an individual answer
- The instructor again reviews responses and decides whether more explanation is needed before moving on to the next concept.[1][4]
Peer instruction is now used in a range of institutional types[5][6] around the globe[7][8] and in many other disciplines, including philosophy,[9] psychology,[10] geology,[11] biology,[12] math,[13] computer science[14] and engineering.[8]
References[edit]
- ^ abEric Mazur (1997). Peer Instruction: A User's Manual Series in Educational Innovation. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJArchived 2011-10-09 at the Wayback Machine
- ^C. Crouch & E. Mazur (2001). Peer Instruction: Ten Years of Experience and Results, Am. J. Phys., v69, 970-977
- ^G. Novak et al., (1999). Just-in-Time teaching: Blending Active Learning with Web Technology. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
- ^C. Turpen and N. Finkelstein (2010). The construction of different classroom norms during Peer Instruction: Students perceive differences, Physical Review Special Topics, Physics Education Research,v6, n2
- ^A. P. Fagen, C. H. Crouch & E. Mazur (2002). Peer Instruction: Results from a Range of Classrooms Phys. Teach., v40, 206-209Archived 2012-04-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^N. Lasry, E. Mazur & J. Watkins (2008). Peer Instruction: From Harvard to Community Colleges, Am. J. Phys., v76, 1066-1069Archived 2012-04-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^D. Suppapittayaporn et al. (2008). The effectiveness of peer instruction and structured inquiry on conceptual understanding of force and motion: a case study from Thailand. Research in Science & Technology Education
- ^ abD. J. Nicol and J. T. Boyle (2003). Peer Instruction versus Class-wide Discussion in the large classes: a comparison of two interaction methods in the wired classroom, Studies in Higher Education, v28, n4, 458-73
- ^S. Butchart, T. Handfield & G. Restall (2009). Using Peer Instruction to Teach Philosophy, Logic and Critical Thinking. Teaching Philosophy, v32, n1, 1–40
- ^S.L. Chew. (2004). Using concepTests for formative assessment, Psychology Teacher Network, v14, n1, 10-12
- ^D. McConnell, D. Steer, & K. Owens (2003). Assessment and active learning strategies for introductory geology courses, Journal of Geoscience Education, v51, n2, 205-216Archived 2012-09-11 at the Wayback Machine,
- ^M. Smith, W.B. wood, W.K Adams, et al. (2009).Why Peer Discussion Improves Student Performance on In-Class Concept Questions, Science, v232, n5190, 122-124
- ^S. Pilzer (2001). Peer Instruction in Physics and Mathematics. Primus, v11, n1, 185-92
- ^Beth Simon, et al. 'Experience report: peer instruction in introductory computing.' ACM (2010).
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
Peer Instruction A User's Manual Download
- Peer Instruction Network, co-founded by Eric Mazur and Julie Schell, a global social network for educators interested in peer instruction
- Turn to Your Neighbor, the official blog of peer instruction, containing numerous articles on implementation, resources, and use
- The PER User's Guide, an implementation guide and numerous resources on peer instruction
Peer Instruction A User's Manual Series In Educational Innovation
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